Научно-издательский центрDOI: 10.38006/00187-838-4.2024.207.208
В. В. Переверзева, Н. Е. Докучаев, А. А. Примак, Е. А. Дубинин
Институт биологических проблем Севера ДВО РАН, Магадан
A significant polymorphism of the complete amino acid sequence of the cytb polypeptide was found in A. oeconomus of Northeast Russia and Alaska. 29 cytb isoforms were found in representatives of the Central Asian phylogroup, and 15 ones – in the Bering phylogroup, differing in 30 amino acid substitutions. The amino acid substitution F333L pretends to be a genetic marker of the Bering phylogroup. The methods of Snit, Bachinsky, Grantsem and TreeSAAP analysis reliably confirm the conservative type of amino acid substitutions, which indicates the effect of stabilizing selection on the cytb enzyme in tundra voles. Convergence of the amino acid sequence of the cytb polypeptide during divergence of the cytb nucleotide sequence – isoform FEcbCA-1 encodes 21 and FEcbBr-1-26 cytb haplotypes with high values of molecular diversity indices is revealed. This indicates a significant polymorphism in the nucleotide sequences of cytb haplotypes encoding the same amino acid sequence of the polypeptide. The rapid change of generations in this species causes the emergence of many mutations. Degeneracy of the genetic code ensures that populations of different genotypes encoding the same vital phenotypes are fixed in the gene pool. Apparently, the most common isoforms of FEcbCA-1 and FEcbBr-1 in the tundra voles’ populations are functionally optimal for the species in the ecological conditions of Northeast Russia and Alaska.